Biology glossary

organism at the top of the food chain

part of the ocean where no light penetrates

bud formed at the tip of the shoot

meristematic tissue located at the tips of stems and roots; enables a plant to extend in length

scent gland that secretes substances that are used for chemical communication

caecilians

ingrowth of an animal’s exoskeleton that functions as an attachment site for muscles

process by which seeds are produced without fertilization of sperm and egg

warning coloration used as a defensive mechanism against predation

composed of the bones of the upper limbs, which function to grasp and manipulate objects, and the lower limbs, which permit locomotion

form of science that aims to solve real-world problems

increase in the diameter of bones by the addition of bone tissue at the surface of bones

channel protein that allows water through the membrane at a very high rate

spiderweb-like middle layer of the meninges that cover the central nervous system

mycorrhizal association in which the fungal hyphae enter the root cells and form extensive networks