Biology glossary

mycorrhizae commonly involving Glomeromycetes in which the fungal hyphae penetrate the cell walls of the plant root cells (but not the cell membranes)

transition species from dinosaur to bird from the Jurassic period

archegonium

primitive gut cavity within the gastrula that opens outward via the blastopore

modern crocodilian or bird, or an extinct pterosaur or dinosaur

artery that branches from the interlobar artery and arches over the base of the renal pyramids

hydrocarbon consisting of closed rings of carbon atoms

small vessel that connects an artery to a capillary bed

blood vessel that takes blood away from the heart

phylum of animals with jointed appendages

any place where two bones are joined

part of the loop of Henle that ascends from the renal medulla to the renal cortex

fruiting body of ascomycetes

(also, sac fungi) phylum of fungi that store spores in a sac called ascus

form of reproduction that produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent