serves as a basis for comparison and controls for chance factors that might influence the results of the study—by holding such factors constant across groups so that the experimental manipulation is the only difference between groups

providing correct or established answers to problems

thick band of neural fibers connecting the brain’s two hemispheres

relationship between two or more variables; when two variables are correlated, one variable changes as the other does

number from -1 to +1, indicating the strength and direction of the relationship between variables, and usually represented by r

area of psychology that focuses on improving emotional, social, vocational, and other aspects of the lives of psychologically healthy individuals

ability to produce new products, ideas, or inventing a new, novel solution to a problem

ability to generate, create, or discover new ideas, solutions, and possibilities

time during fetal growth when specific parts or organs develop

compares multiple segments of a population at a single time

characterized by acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it

one of the culturally specific standards that govern the types and frequencies of emotions that are acceptable

ability with which people can understand and relate to those in another culture

all of the beliefs, customs, art, and traditions of a particular society