staunch form of behaviorism developed by B. F. Skinner that suggested that even complex higher mental functions like human language are nothing more than stimulus-outcome associations

method of experimental group assignment in which all participants have an equal chance of being assigned to either group

subset of a larger population in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected

asserts our genes set the boundaries within which we can operate, and our environment interacts with the genes to determine where in that range we will fall

each person’s response to the environment is unique based on his or her genetic makeup

period of sleep characterized by brain waves very similar to those period of sleep characterized by brain waves very similar to those

period of sleep characterized by brain waves very similar to those period of sleep characterized by brain waves very similar to those during wakefulness and by darting movements of the eyes under closed eyelids

ego defense mechanism in which a person confronted with anxiety makes excuses to justify behavior

ego defense mechanism in which a person confronted with anxiety swaps unacceptable urges or behaviors for their opposites

person who we actually are

accessing information without cues

protein on the cell surface where neurotransmitters attach

allele whose phenotype will be expressed only if an individual is homozygous for that allele

belief that one’s environment can determine behavior, but at the same time, people can influence the environment with both their thoughts and behaviors

identifying previously learned information after encountering it again, usually in response to a cue