refers to organisms that grow without oxygen

process in which organisms convert energy for their use in the absence of oxygen

(also, homoplasy) characteristic that is similar between organisms by convergent evolution, not due to the same evolutionary path

ecosystem model that is created with mathematical formulas to predict the effects of environmental disturbances on ecosystem structure and dynamics

stage of mitosis during which sister chromatids are separated from each other

animal having no temporal fenestrae in the cranium

(also, anatomical shunt) region of the lung that lacks proper ventilation/perfusion due to an anatomical block

sum of all the stamens in a flower

male sex hormone such as testosterone

individual with an error in chromosome number; includes chromosome segment deletions and duplications

condition of a cell having an extra chromosome or missing a chromosome for its species

pain caused by partial blockage of the coronary arteries by the buildup of plaque and lack of oxygen to the heart muscle

enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II

product in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway

molecule that affects different organs to increase blood pressure