lipid present at small concentrations in the plasma membrane that is converted into a second messenger; it has inositol (a carbohydrate) as its hydrophilic head group

cleavage product of PIP2 that is used for signaling within the cell

plant that has specialized leaves to attract and digest insects

tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume

amount of additional air that can be inspired after a normal inhalation

hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas in response to high blood glucose levels; functions to lower blood glucose levels

growth-promoting protein produced by the liver

protein integrated into the membrane structure that interacts extensively with the membrane lipids' hydrocarbon chains and often spans the membrane

layer of sporophyte tissue that surrounds the megasporangium, and later, the embryo

meristematic tissue located at nodes and the bases of leaf blades; found only in monocots

communication between a cell

muscle connected to the rib cage that contracts upon inspiration

cytokine that inhibits viral replication and modulates the immune response

(also, interphase II) brief period of rest between meiosis I and meiosis II

artery that branches from the segmental artery and travels in between the renal lobes