small, round organelle that contains hydrogen peroxide, oxidizes fatty acids and amino acids, and detoxifies many poisons

modified leaf interior to the sepals; colorful petals attract animal pollinators

stalk of the leaf

clade of lampreys

see litmus paper

scale ranging from zero to 14 that is inversely proportional to the hydrogen ions' concentration in a solution

treatment of bacterial diseases using bacteriophages specific to a particular bacterium

cellular body formed by the union of a phagosome containing the ingested particle with a lysosome that contains hydrolytic enzymes

one of the bones of the fingers or toes

study of drug interactions with the genome or proteome; also called toxicogenomics

opening in the pharynx

throat; a tube that starts in the internal nares and runs partway down the neck, where it opens into the esophagus and the larynx

observable traits expressed by an organism

substance released by an animal that can affect the physiology or behavior of other animals

tissue responsible for transport of sugars, proteins, and other solutes