thin filaments that anchor the plant to the substrate

modified underground stem that grows horizontally to the soil surface and has nodes and internodes

area of soil affected by root secretions and microorganisms

in prokaryotes, termination of transcription by an interaction between RNA polymerase and the rho protein at a run of G nucleotides on the DNA template

termination sequence-dependent termination of prokaryotic mRNA synthesis; caused by hairpin formation in the mRNA that stalls the polymerase

main photopigment in vertebrates

cavity present above the mouth that houses the proboscis

one of 12 pairs of long, curved bones that attach to the thoracic vertebrae and curve toward the front of the body to form the ribcage

enzyme that breaks down RNA

RNA that ensures the proper alignment of the mRNA and the ribosomes during protein synthesis and catalyzes the formation of the peptide linkage.

cellular structure that carries out protein synthesis

phylogenetic model where all three domains of life evolved from a pool of primitive prokaryotes

protein complex that binds along with the miRNA to the RNA to degrade it

direct alteration of one or more nucleotides in an mRNA that has already been synthesized

direct alteration of one or more nucleotides in an mRNA that has already been synthesized