enzyme that removes the phosphate group from a molecule that has been previously phosphorylated

bond that connects phosphates in an ATP molecule

covalent chemical bond that holds together the polynucleotide chains, with a phosphate group linking two pentose sugars of neighboring nucleotides.

enzyme that degrades cAMP, producing AMP, to terminate signaling

enzyme that deactivates cAMP, stopping hormone activity

enzyme that deactivates cAMP, stopping hormone activity

major constituent of the membranes; composed of two fatty acids and a phosphate-containing group attached to a glycerol backbone.

addition of a high-energy phosphate to a compound, usually a metabolic intermediate, a protein, or ADP

portion of the ocean that light can penetrate

ejection of an electron from a reaction center using the energy of an absorbed photon

organism capable of producing its own organic compounds from sunlight

growth and development of plants in response to light

distinct quantity or “packet” of light energy

occurrence of plant processes, such as germination and flowering, according to the time of year

group of proteins, chlorophyll, and other pigments that are used in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis to absorb light energy and convert it into chemical energy