sequence of DNA to which a transcription factor binds

site at which transcription begins

process by which a bacteriophage moves DNA from one prokaryote to another

process by which a bacteriophage moves DNA from one prokaryote to another

RNA that carries activated amino acids to the site of protein synthesis on the ribosome.

process in which external DNA is taken up by a cell

process by which a prokaryote takes in DNA found in its environment that is shed by other prokaryotes

process by which a prokaryote takes in DNA found in its environment that is shed by other prokaryotes

organism that receives DNA from a different species

high-energy, unstable state (an intermediate form between the substrate and the product) occurring during a chemical reaction

when a purine is replaced with a purine or a pyrimidine is replaced with another pyrimidine

epithelia that can transition for appearing multilayered to simple; also called uroepithelial

process through which RNA directs the formation of protein.

process by which one chromosome segment dissociates and reattaches to a different, nonhomologous chromosome

mass transport of photosynthates from source to sink in vascular plants