tubular digestive system with a mouth and anus

hydrocarbon consisting of a linear chain of carbon atoms

organism with optimal growth pH of nine or above

membrane of the egg that stores nitrogenous wastes produced by the embryo; also facilitates respiration

gene variations that arise by mutation and exist at the same relative locations on homologous chromosomes

(also, gene frequency) rate at which a specific allele appears within a population

mmune reaction that results from immediate hypersensitivities in which an antibody-mediated immune response occurs within minutes of exposure to a harmless antigen

speciation that occurs via geographic separation

polyploidy formed between two related, but separate species

inhibition by a binding event at a site different from the active site, which induces a conformational change and reduces the enzyme's affinity for its substrate

endocrine cell of the pancreatic islets that produces the hormone glucagon

 type of secondary structure of proteins formed by folding of the polypeptide into a helix shape with hydrogen bonds stabilizing the structure

change of the set point in a homeostatic system

life-cycle type in which the diploid and haploid stages alternate

duct that extends from the terminal bronchiole to the alveolar sac