beliefs about the power we have over our lives; an external locus of control is the belief that our outcomes are outside of our control; an internal locus of control is the belief that we control our own outcomes

continuous storage of information

deep groove in the brain’s cortex

studies in which the same group of individuals is surveyed or measured repeatedly over an extended period of time

people become aware that they are dreaming and can control the dream’s content

storyline of events that occur during a dream, per Sigmund Freud’s view of the function of dreams

clearing the mind in order to achieve a state of relaxed awareness and focus

hindbrain structure that controls automated processes like breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate

hormone secreted by the endocrine gland that serves as an important regulator of the sleepwake cycle

difference in charge across the neuronal membrane

set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time

beginning of menstrual period; around 12–13 years old

continually using an old solution to a problem without results

study that combines the results of several related studies

amount of energy that is expended in a given period of time